New CeO$_2$ nanoparticles-based topical formulations for the skin protection against organophosphates

Arnaud Zenerino (1) , Tifenn Boutard (2) , Cécile Bignon (1) , Sonia Amigoni (1) , Denis Josse (1) , Thierry Devers (2) , Frédéric Guittard (1)

1 Surfaces & Interfaces
2 CRMD - Centre de Recherche sur la Matière Divisée

To reinforce skin protection against organophosphates (OPs), the development of new topical skin protectants (TSP) has received a great interest. Nanoparticles like cerium dioxide (CeO$_2$) known to adsorb and neutralize OPs are interesting candidates for TSP. However, NPs are difficult to disperse into formulations and they are suspected of toxicological issues. Thus we want to study: (1) the effect of the addition of CeO$_2$ NPs in formulations for the skin protection (2) the impact of the doping of CeO$_2$ NPs by calcium; (3) the effect of two methods of dispersion of CeO$_2$ NPs: an O/W emulsion or a suspension of a fluorinated thickening polymer (HASE-F) grafted with these NPs. As a screening approach we used silicone membranes as a skin equivalent and Franz diffusion cells for permeation tests. The addition of purum CeO$_2$ NPs in both formulations permits the penetration to decrease by a 3 to 4-fold factor. The O/W emulsion is the best approach to obtain a film-forming coating with a good reproducibility of the penetration results; whereas the grafting of NPs to a thickener is the best way to obtain an efficient homogenous suspension of CeO2 NPs with a decreased of toxicological impact but the coating is less film-forming which slightly impacts the reproducibility of the penetration results.

Mots clés: Topical skin protection; Paraoxon; Cerium dioxide; Nanoparticles; Thickening polymers

Domaines: Matériaux; Chimie thérapeutique; Dermatologie; Toxicologie

Arnaud Zenerino, Tifenn Boutard, Cécile Bignon, Sonia Amigoni, Denis Josse, et al.. New CeO$_2$ nanoparticles-based topical formulations for the skin protection against organophosphates. Toxicology Reports, 2015, 2, pp.1007-1013. ⟨10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.07.003⟩. ⟨hal-01174012⟩